When researchers went looking for real, working examples of smart software being used across architecture, engineering, and construction projects, rather than just proposed ideas, they found 28 documented cases published between 2021 and 2024.
The pattern that emerged was consistent: the technology shows up most in tasks involving language and documents, drafting reports, checking compliance against building codes, planning tasks, and acting as a quick-answer assistant for routine questions, rather than in tasks requiring physical judgment or structural decisions. In other words, it's handling the paperwork-heavy parts of a project, not the parts where a licensed engineer's judgment is irreplaceable.
That's a sensible place for the technology to be right now. The tasks it's best at are exactly the ones that are repetitive, document-heavy, and time-consuming for a skilled person to do by hand. The tasks it's not being trusted with yet are the ones where a mistake would be serious.
It's a useful reminder that the real, working uses of new technology are usually less dramatic and more practical than the headlines suggest, and that's not a bad thing.
Source: Kampelopoulos et al., Artificial Intelligence Review, 2025.
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